Pakistan makes History by becoming the First Country to give legal Status to Sikh Marriages

A provincial assembly in Pakistan today created history by unanimously passing a bill that will provide legal status to Sikh marriages in the Muslim-majority country. The provincial assembly in Pakistan’s Punjab unanimously passed the Punjab Sikhs Anand Karaj Marriages Act 2017. This is the first time that family matters of the community, such as marriage, […]

A provincial assembly in Pakistan today created history by unanimously passing a bill that will provide legal status to Sikh marriages in the Muslim-majority country.

The provincial assembly in Pakistan’s Punjab unanimously passed the Punjab Sikhs Anand Karaj Marriages Act 2017. This is the first time that family matters of the community, such as marriage, will be separately regulated.

The bill was today tabled by minority member of the Provincial Assembly (MPA) Sardar Ramesh Singh Arora. The passage of the bill has repealed the Anand Marriage Act, 1909 that was passed under British rule.

The bill will come into force immediately after it has been approved by the governor. Once the bill has been approved, every Sikh marriage that took place before the bill came into force would also gain legal status.

Pakistan is the only country in the world that register Sikh marriages after the enactment of this bill. Previously, the records of Sikh marriages were maintained in a Gurdwara.

According to the bill, no male or female of the Sikh community who will be below the age of 18 years, could solemnise marriages under the law.

Nothing in the Act will affect the validity of any marriage duly solemnised according to any other marriage ceremony customary among the Sikhs.

It says a marriage ceremony, or Anand Karaj which is defined as “the lawful union of a Sikh male and Sikh female” will be performed in accordance with the religious practices as permitted in the Sikh religious text Guru Granth Sahib.

The ceremony would be performed by a male or female called a “Granthi” who would read out from Guru Granth Sahib.

A “marriage deed”, a legal document authorising the matrimonial union, will then be issued by a registrar who will be appointed by the Punjab government.

If a marriage certificate is not issued after the ceremony has taken place, it must be “reported” to the registrar by the Granthi who “solemnised the marriage,” the bill says.

Pakistan Sikh Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee (PSGPC) President Sardar Tara Singh said: There was no law for the Sikh community, but now their family matters will be dealt with through relevant legislation .

According to the bill, every marriage between Sikhs shall be registered under the Act.

For the purpose of the registration of marriages under the Act, the government, in the prescribed manner, shall grant license to one or more persons professing Sikh religion to be called Anand Karaj Registrar, authorizing him to grant Anand Karaj Certificate.

The bridegroom and the bride or a Granthi shall fill the Anand Karaj form and present it, within thirty days of the marriage, to the Anand Karaj Registrar for registration of the marriage and a copy thereof shall be sent to the chairman of a union council or municipal committee or any officer authorized by the government to perform the functions of the chairman under the act.

A marriage, which is not solemnised by the Anand Karaj Registrar, shall, for the purpose of registration under the Act, be reported within 30 days of the solemnisation of the marriage to him (chairman) by the Granthi or the person who solemnized the marriage.

It further says any party that wishes to dissolve the marriage shall give to the chairman notice in writing of his or her intention to do so and shall supply a copy thereof to the other party.

Within 30 days of the receipt of the notice, the chairman shall constitute an arbitration council in the prescribed manner for the purpose of bringing about reconciliation between them and the council shall take all steps necessary to that effect.

If reconciliation is not effected within 90 days from the date of the notice, the chairman shall, after the lapse of the 90 days, declare the marriage to have been dissolved and issue the certificate of the dissolution of marriage in prescribed manner.

It is indeed a historic day for the Sikh community living in Pakistan.Pakistan makes History by becoming the First Country to give legal Status to Sikh Marriages

First Sikh Soldier who Opposed against RACIAL Discrimination in US- Bhagat Singh Thind!

He was arguably the first turbaned Sikh to serve in the US Army тАУ as a drill sergeant during World War I. When asked how he got inducted despite a beard, Bhagat Singh Thind (1892-1967) had quipped: тАЬI suppose they figured I could kill just as many Germans with it as I could without it.тАЭ […]

He was arguably the first turbaned Sikh to serve in the US Army тАУ as a drill sergeant during World War I. When asked how he got inducted despite a beard, Bhagat Singh Thind (1892-1967) had quipped: тАЬI suppose they figured I could kill just as many Germans with it as I could without it.тАЭ

He was тАЬhonourably dischargedтАЭ after the war ended in late 1918. But it was another battle that defined his life, one that he fought for over a decade. On February 19, 1923, he was denied American citizenship by the US Supreme Court. The ruling, which determined that Thind, тАЬa high-caste Hindu of full Indian blood,тАЭ was not a тАЬwhite personтАЭ, led to the revocation of his naturalisation as an American citizen and shut the immigration door on other South Asians too. His тАЬAryan originтАЭ contention cut no ice with the judiciary, which accorded precedence to Caucasian lineage.

The 95th anniversary of the landmark verdict in the тАШThe United States vs Bhagat Singh ThindтАЩ case was commemorated earlier this week by the South Asian Bar Association, Washington DC (SABA-DC), which organised a panel discussion in the US capital. The speakers included Sim J Singh, National Advocacy Manager, Sikh Coalition; Lakshmi Sridaran, Director of National Policy and Advocacy, South Asian Americans Leading Together (SAALT); and Kritika Agarwal, Associate Editor, Publications, American Historical Association. The panellists underlined the caseтАЩs impact on the South Asian AmericansтАЩ struggle for their rights.

A native of Taragarh Talawa village in Amritsar district, Thind graduated from the holy cityтАЩs Khalsa College. At the age of 20, he arrived in the US in 1913 for higher studies (a year later, his brother Jagat Singh set sail for Canada on the Komagata Maru, but had to return to India after being refused entry). He worked in the lumber mills of the Pacific Northwest and got a doctoral degree in philosophy from the University of California at Berkeley. тАЬHe was granted American citizenship in the state of Washington, only to have it quickly cancelled by the Immigration and Naturalisation Service. Thind then applied for citizenship in Oregon in 1919 and received it the following year. The immigration authorities appealed against it and the case went to the Supreme Court,тАЭ says Philip Deslippe, a doctoral student in the Department of Religious Studies at the University of California, Santa Barbara.
тАЬThe apex court ruled unanimously against him. The decision is usually understood as a matter of racial prejudice,тАЭ he adds. ThindтАЩs association with the pro-Independence Ghadar movement was apparently among the factors that influenced the judgment. After protracted litigation, he finally emerged victorious, becoming a US national once and for all in 1936. A decade later, the Luce-Celler Act reversed the 1923 order, opening a historic window for Indian immigrants.

Refusing to rest on his laurels, Thind made a name for himself as a teacher of spirituality and a wellness guru, holding lecture tours across America and propagating Sant Mat (path of saints). Fondly called Doctorji by his students, he perceived Sikhism as тАЬthe future religion of mankindтАЭ.
In 1963, Thind returned to India for the first time after leaving its shores half a century ago. He and his wife Vivian met then Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru and then President Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, even as he delivered lectures on metaphysics in several universities.

He passed away on September 15, 1967, in Los Angeles at the age of 74. His son, David Bhagat Thind, is the architect of bhagatsinghthind.com, a website dedicated to the never-say-die Sikh-American. The diaspora canтАЩt afford to forget his inspiring example, especially in these times where white supremacism is rearing its head again.

-Tribune

Chosen to represent Indian in 100mtrs- Sahil & his coach look to turn Dust into Gold

I was very much impressed when Harpal Singh, the PTI of Akal Academy, Bharyal Lahri entered the playground, touching his fingers on the ground and rubbing it on his forehead. It instantly gave me an impression of his dedication and how important he considered the 45 minutes he spends on the field to get the […]

I was very much impressed when Harpal Singh, the PTI of Akal Academy, Bharyal Lahri entered the playground, touching his fingers on the ground and rubbing it on his forehead.

It instantly gave me an impression of his dedication and how important he considered the 45 minutes he spends on the field to get the best out of his students.

I saw him there with a whistle hanging around his neck instructing students in different sports specially athletics. After his training session, I got an opportunity to share his insight.

He shared a memory with me, it was of one of his student athletes perhaps an extraordinary one, whom he had observed in the inter academy athletics tournament.

His name was Sahil, a student of Akal Academy Bharyal Lahri who found his passion in Running and Athletics. Village folks used to look at him bemused when they saw him running breathlessly day and night . At that moment, he realized that if Sahil was given a professional training, a star would be born in the dust of villages.

One and a half year later ,an opportunity opened for this youngster, Sahil decided to give a try at the world’s largest Athletic Talent Hunt held by National Yuva Coop Society (NYCS) in partnership with GAIL to build Team India for the Summer Olympics of 2020 & 2024 called NYCS GAIL Raftaar – 2

Over a lakh participants between age 11 to 17 were filtered. Sahil by astounded his peers and left everyone spellbound by his sheer Cheetah like speed. He won the Gold Medal in the 100 mtrs race in the All India National Level Trials.

A 45 minute of intense training everyday and making a National record seemed like a dream come true. For the WORLD, he might be the HERO but it was only possible because of this man who saw the potential in him and nurtured his talent.

After a long conversation , Harpal had to go because he had an urgent meeting in the principalтАЩs office. I walked down the corridor where the notice board caught my attention and what I saw left me spellbound.

Harpal did not have only one student who had won GOLD but there were plenty more. Including Sahil, his students won a total of 17 medals at district levels out of which 9 were gold, 2 were silver and 6 were silver.

I gave a salute to him standing right there in front of the notice board.

Stars are not born, They are Inspired and Motivated by Great teachers. Coaches are aware of how to ignite passion and motivate people.

When Guru Sahib casually threw the precious jewels in the river at Nagina

“The greatest comforts and lasting peace are obtained, when one eradicates selfishness from within” Gurdwara Nagina Ghat Sahib, is on the river bank, about 400 meters southwest of Takhat Hazoor Sahib. According to tradition Guru Gobind Singh Ji attended by some Sikhs was standing here watching the river flow when a rich merchant, proud of […]

“The greatest comforts and lasting peace are obtained, when one eradicates selfishness from within”

Gurdwara Nagina Ghat Sahib, is on the river bank, about 400 meters southwest of Takhat Hazoor Sahib. According to tradition Guru Gobind Singh Ji attended by some Sikhs was standing here watching the river flow when a rich merchant, proud of his wealth, came and presented a costly nagina (precious stone usually for inset work in gold) to the Guru.

Guru Sahib having received the precious jewel from the wealthy merchant, casually threw it in the river. The merchant bore a look as if pitying the Guru who, thought he, despite his princely style was after all a sadhu who did not know the value of his present.

Guru Gobind Singh Ji read his thought and bade him to carefully look down into the slow flowing current. What he saw, filled the merchant both with wonder as well as remorse at his evil thoughts about Guru Sahib. He saw millions of jewels lying at the river bed. Purged of pride, he fell at the Guru’s feet.

Why the Western World says ‘India is equal to Punjab’? Honest Response from a Bengali (Riya Mukherjee)

She is Former Executive Vice President (EVP) at Radio Mirchi, Former Creative director at Geometry Encompass and the Former Associate Producer at Times FM. “If Justin Trudeau, like the rest of the western world, thinks India is equal to Punjab, why are we shocked, surprised or hassled? This is the one community that has stepped […]

She is Former Executive Vice President (EVP) at Radio Mirchi, Former Creative director at Geometry Encompass and the Former Associate Producer at Times FM.

“If Justin Trudeau, like the rest of the western world, thinks India is equal to Punjab, why are we shocked, surprised or hassled?

This is the one community that has stepped out into the world & claimed it for its own. It has borne the India flag proudly & made itself seamless with that identity.

This is one community that keeps rising from its own ashes. It suffers the horrors of partition and then rebuilds itself without any victimhood, staking claim not just to self-rehabilitation but to prosperity. This is the community that faces a planned political pogrom and yet doesnтАЩt give in to long-term hatred. This is the community that had a clear, dangerous separatist movement & yet somehow managed to distance itself from the тАЬterroristтАЭ tag.

This is the community, especially its Sikh subset, which is often at the forefront of rescue, relief & other humanitarian activities across the globe at times of natural & man made disasters & crises.

Members of this community fight bravely in our armies, or even in armies they are enlisted into on behalf of the reigning government, they battle from the front lines & lay down their lives with unquestioning loyalty & courage.

This is the community that gave us the green revolution, the ubiquitous salwar kameez, the karva chauth craze, the sinful aloo paraatha & the mad pre wedding sangeet. This is the community that made Karan Johar a millionaire & gave Honey Singh and his ilk an actual career.

This is an assertive, extroverted, cheerful, in your face community that demands that the world sit up & take notice. It dresses loud, sings & dances loud, laughs out loud, eats & drinks loud. This community has a version of popular culture that permeates our film industry, our festivals, our sense of friends & familial bonding, our idea of generous sharing.

Yes we may sit back like highbrow snobs & say, please, thereтАЩs much more to India than Punjab. But hey. This is the community that chooses to play on the front foot every single time and rise beyond every adversity with a booming laugh & a narry a care joie de vivre.

I am not Punjabi. Much of my sensibility is not Punjabi. But if today the entire western world thinks that India is тАЬPunjabi By NatureтАЭ I am happy to grin & celebrate with them. Balle bloody balle. Good on you guys. More Burrraah to you.”

Students of Akal Academy welcomed Justin Trudeau at the Amritsar airport.

Students of Akal Academy awaited to give a warm welcome to Mr Justin Trudeau and his family who landed at the Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport. From there he headed straight to pay obeisance at Shri Harmandir Sahib #JustinTrudeau, along with his defence minister Harjit Sajjan on Wednesday met Punjab Chief Minister Captain […]

Students of Akal Academy awaited to give a warm welcome to Mr Justin Trudeau and his family who landed at the Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport. From there he headed straight to pay obeisance at Shri Harmandir Sahib

#JustinTrudeau, along with his defence minister Harjit Sajjan on Wednesday met Punjab Chief Minister Captain Amarinder Singh. The meeting, which began with a handshake, lasted for a little over half an hour .

It was an honour to welcome such modest and humble personality who is the PM of the second largest country in the World

3:15 pm: Amarinder-Trudeau meeting ends.

3:11 pm:тАЙThe meeting between Trudeau and Amarinder still underway. According to the itinerary, the Canadian PMтАЙwas to leave for Delhi around 1.15 pm.

3:05 pm: District public relation officer Sherjang Singh says Trudeau also visited the Indo-Pak partition museum.

2:37 pm:тАЙThe one-on-one talks between the Canadian PM Justin Trudeau and Punjab CM Capt Amarinder Singh currently on.

2:06 pm: Justin Trudeau warmly welcomed by Punjab CM. Amarinder also meets Canadian minister Harjit Singh Sajjan.

1:55 pm:тАЙCanadian PM arrives at Taj Hotel in Amritsar where Punjab chief minister Amarinder will have a one-to-one meeting with him. The CM will also interact with six Canadian ministers accompanying Trudeau.

1:25 pm: Trudeau writes, тАЬWhat an honour to be so well received at such a beautiful, meaningful place. We are filled with grace and humility.тАЭ

1:12 pm: The Canadian PM, his wife and kids were given siropas. Sikh ministers accompanying him were also honoured.

Trudeau pens down his feelings on visiting the temple complex in the visitorтАЩs diary. (HTтАЙPhoto)
1:02 pm:тАЙSGPC chief Longowal, SGPC chief secretary Roop Singh and Sukhbir Badal honour the Canadian PM with a replica of the Golden Temple, gold-plated kirpan and set of books.

12:48 pm:тАЙThe Canadian PM performs parikrama (walk around the marbled periphery) amid heavy security in the shape of human chain.

12:24 pm: Trudeau arrived at the Golden Temple in a kurta pyjama dress with kesri patka wrapped on his head. His wife was also dressed in a suit.

12:16 pm:тАЙTrudeau performs sewa, prepares rotis inside Langar Hall at Golden Temple.

12:11 pm: SAD president Sukhbir Singh Badal and SGPC president Gobind Singh Longowal welcome Trudeau at the entrance plaza of the Sikh shrine.

12:04 pm:тАЙRed carpet rolled out for Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau as he arrived at the Golden Temple.He is being accompanied by Hardeep Singh Puri and Navjot Singh Sidhu.

JustinTrudeau, his wife and children arrive at AmritsarтАЩs Golden Temple. (HTтАЙPhoto)
12:01 pm: Police detain All India Sikh Students Federation chief Karnail Singh Peer Mohammad and aides at Golden Temple. They were at the temple to honour Trudeau.

11:19 am: TrudeauтАЩs convoy moves toward Golden Temple from the airport

10:52 am:тАЙTrudeau lands at Sri Guru Ram Das Jee International Airport.

10:29 am:тАЙStudents of Akal Academy at the Amritsar airport to welcome the Canadian PM.

10:27 am:тАЙPunjab chief minister on way to Amritsar for his one-to-one meeting with Canadian PM.

10:18 am:тАЙAmarinder will interact with the six ministers accompanying the Canadian PM after one-to-one meeting between the two leaders: Raveen Thukral, media advisor to Punjab CM

10:12 am: Security tightened at Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport before the visit of Canadian PM Justin Trudeau.

10:06am:тАЙтАЬWe are not blocking any route in Amritsar, keeping in view the heavy footfall of tourists and devotees,тАЭ said additional deputy commissioner of police (ADCP, headquarters and security) Charanjit Singh.

9:59 am: Amritsar police commissioner SS Srivastava is leading a team of 1,600 cops keeping vigil ahead of TrudeauтАЩs visit to the holy city.

9:50 am:тАЙSidhu will accompany the Canadian PM during the visit to the Golden Temple. Trudeau will also visit the recently inaugurated Partition Museum. Sidhu will accompany Trudeau during the visit to both places.

9: 42am: The 20-minute meeting between Punjab CM Capt Amarinder Singh & Canadian PM Justin Trudeau can take Punjab 20 years ahead: Punjab minister Navjot Singh Sidhu

The 20-minute meeting between Punjab CM Capt Amarinder Singh & Canadian PM Justin Trudeau can take Punjab 20 years ahead. This visit will strengthen India & Canada relations, it is a mutual symbiosis which can transform both the countries : Punjab Minister Navjot Singh Sidhu

9:21 AM – Feb 21, 2018

9:39 am:тАЙUnion housing and urban affairs minister Hardeep Singh Puri and Punjab local government and cultural affairs and tourism minister Navjot Singh Sidhu will receive Trudeau at the airport in Amritsar on Wednesday.

9:30 am:Trudeau is scheduled to pay obeisance at the Golden Temple along with his family. He will also meet Punjab chief minister Captain Amarinder Singh after visiting Partition Museum and fly to Delhi around 1:15pm

Sohan Singh Bhakna- The Man who shook the Britishers with Fear!

ItтАЩs easy to be mistaken by this picture of a gentle, stooped, grandfatherly 95 year-old. He was in fact one of the most feared and dangerous men in British India. So feared was he by the British that, shackled in irons, he was held for 16 years in near solitary confinement 1000kms off the shore […]

ItтАЩs easy to be mistaken by this picture of a gentle, stooped, grandfatherly 95 year-old. He was in fact one of the most feared and dangerous men in British India. So feared was he by the British that, shackled in irons, he was held for 16 years in near solitary confinement 1000kms off the shore of India for fear of the revolution he tried to spark.

This is Sohan Singh Bhakna, founder of the revolutionary Ghadr Party. When India joined WW1, every young Punjabi man was vigorously encouraged to join the Indian Army; British officials, Indian nobility, Indian district bureaucrats, even the Indian National Congress and Mahatma Gandhi joined forces to promote recruitment. Opposing that consensus was a vociferous, violent energetic group, operating from North America called the Ghadrs, or revolutionaries.

Sohan Singh Bhakna became active in the early nationalist movement before he joined the small pioneering stream of men who moved out of Punjab to the Pacific Northwest in the early 1900s where he worked in lumber mills. America wasnтАЩt colonising India but there was no lack of racism and discrimination toward the тАШHindooтАЩ labourers and Bhakna rapidly joined the early Indian labour movement.

He founded the Ghadr party with other North American Indians who agitated for the overthrow British colonial authority in India by means of an armed revolution. The Ghadrs viewed the Congress-led Independence movement as soft and unambitious so adopted a harder stance with their principal strategy to entice Indian soldiers into armed revolt against the British taking particular advantage of the vulnerability of the First World War.

Their revolutionary plans included smuggling arms to the passengers of the Komagatu Maru on their return to India, making overtures to the German Embassy in the US, pumping out revolutionary messages to Indian soldiers via their prolific pamphleteering. Their most seditious and dangerous plot was to coordinate violent armed revolutionary activity with Indian soldiers in SE Asia. Alarmed, the British promptly arrested Sohan Singh as he tried to enter India in 1914 and tried for conspiracy.

Found guilty, he was sentenced to death. A sentence later commuted to life imprisonment in The Andaman Islands, 1000kms off the shore of India. There Sohan Singh settled into a period of revolt and activism with repeated hunger strikes to improve the conditions for his fellow prisoners. Both in the Andamans and back in India where he was imprisoned until 1930 he carried out hunger strikes for Sikh prisonerтАЩs religious rights, the rights of lower caste Indian prisoners and in support of Bhagat Singh.

By the outbreak of the Second world war, Sohan Singh had been released 10 years and was an active and fearsome political voice for the Communist Party. War brought new rules, and the Indian Government arrested and interred the now 70-year-old Sohan Singh for 3 more years in an Indian jail lest he revive his violent tendencies during a time of wartime vulnerability.

He lived another 20 years after Indian Independence and the Partition, a constant and prolific voice in early Indian politics. He died in 1968, ending a phenomenal life of 98 years, in his home district of Amritsar.

-Amandeep Madra

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рдПрдХ рд╕рд┐рдХреНрдЦ рдХреЗ рдбреЗрд░реЗ рдкрд░ рдЬрд╛рдХрд░ рдЖрдкрдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд▓реНрджреА рднреЛрдЬрди рджреЛ, рднреВрдЦ рд▓рдЧреА рд╣реИ| рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХреБрдЫ рджреЗрд░ рдмреИрда рдЬрд╛рдУ. рднреЛрдЬрди рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИ, рдорд┐рд▓ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛ рдЙрд╕рд╕реЗ рд╣рдЯрдХрд░ рдЖрдк рдЬреА рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рд╕рд┐рдЦ рдХреЗ рдбреЗрд░реЗ рдЧрдП рдФрд░ рд╡рд╣рд╛рдБ рднреА рднреЛрдЬрди рдорд╛рдБрдЧрд╛ рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рджрд╛рд▓ рднрд╛рдЬреА рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рд╣реЛ рд░рд╣реА рд╣реИ, рдлрд┐рд░ рдЖрдХрд░ рднреЛрдЬрди рдЫрдХ рд▓реЗрдирд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдкрд╢реНрдЪрд╛рддреН рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рддреАрд╕рд░реЗ рд╡ рдЪреМрдереЗ рд╕рд┐рдЦ рдХреЗ рдбреЗрд░реЗ рднреЛрдЬрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЧрдП рддреЛ рдПрдХ рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ ”рдЖрдирдиреНрдж рд╕рд╛рд╣рд┐рдм” рдХрд╛ рдкрд╛рда рддрдерд╛ рдЕрд░рджрд╛рд╕ рдХрд░рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдмрдЯреЗрдЧрд╛ рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рдиреЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░реА рд╕рдВрдЧрдд рдПрдХрддреНрд░рд┐рдд рд╣реЛ рдЬрд╛рдП, рддреЛ рдкрдВрдХреНрддрд┐ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдХрд░ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдмрд╛рдБрдЯрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛,

рдЖрдк рдмреИрда рдЬрд╛рдУ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдкрд╢реНрдЪрд╛рддреН рдЖрдк рдЬреА рднрд╛рдИ рдирдиреНрдж рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рдбреЗрд░реЗ рднреЛрдЬрди рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЧрдП рдЖрдк рдиреЗ рд╡рд╣рд╛рдБ рдЬрд╛рдХрд░ рднреА рднреЛрдЬрди рдорд╛рдБрдЧрд╛ рднрд╛рдИ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдЬреЛ рдХреБрдЫ рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рдерд╛ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рдЖрдЧреЗ рд▓рд╛рдХрд░ рд░рдЦ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдЫрдХ рдХрд░ рдмрд╣реБрдд рдкреНрд░рд╕рдиреНрди рд╣реБрдП рдФрд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдорд╣рд▓реЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЖ рдЧрдП рджреВрд╕рд░реЗ рджрд┐рди рдЬрдм рд╕рд┐рдЦреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХреА рдмрд╛рддреЗрдВ рдЪрд▓реА рддреЛ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреА рд░рд╛рдд рдХреА рд╕рд╛рд░реА рд╡рд╛рд░реНрддрд╛ рд╕реБрдирд╛рдХрд░ рдмрддрд╛рдпрд╛ рдХреА рд╣рдореЗ рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рднрд╛рдИ рдирдиреНрдж рд▓рд╛рд▓ рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рд╕реЗ рд╣реА рднреЛрдЬрди рдорд┐рд▓рд╛ рд╣реИ рдмрд╛рдХреА рд╕рдмрдиреЗ рдХреЛрдИ рдирд╛ рдХреЛрдИ рдмрд╛рдд рдХрд░рдХреЗ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЫрдХрд╛рдпрд╛ рдЬреЛ рд╕рд┐рдЦ рднреВрдЦреЗ рдХреЛ рд╢реАрдШреНрд░ рд╣реА рднреЛрдЬрди рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдпрддреНрди рдХрд░рддрд╛ рд╣реИ, рд╡рд╣реА рд╕рд┐рдЦ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдкреНрдпрд╛рд░рд╛ рд╣реИ рднреВрдЦреЗ рдХреЛ рд░реЛрдЯреА-рдкрд╛рдиреА рджреЗрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреЛрдИ рд╕рдордп рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╡рд┐рдЪрд╛рд░рдирд╛ рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рдЬрд┐рд╕ рдЕрдиреНрди рдХреЗ рджрд╛рдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдкреНрд░рдг рдмрдЪ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реИ, рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рдкреБрдгреНрдп рдлрд▓ рд╕рднреА рджрд╛рдиреЛрдВ рд╕реЗ рдЕрдзрд┐рдХ рд╣реИ

рд╕рддрд┐рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреА рддрд░рдл рд╕реЗ рдЕрдиреНрди рджрд╛рди рдорд╣рд┐рдорд╛ рд╕реБрдирдХрд░ рд╕рдмрдиреЗ рдкреНрд░рдг рдХрд░ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдХрд┐ рдЖрдЧреЗ рд╕реЗ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рднреВрдЦрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рднреЗрдЬрд╛ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛

рикри╛риХри┐ри╕ридри╛рии ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪ риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриЖриВ риирйВрй░ ри╕рй░ринри╛ри▓риг рижрйА ри▓рйЛрйЬ

1947 рижрйА рижрйЗри╢ рижрйА ри╡рй░риб риориЧри░рйЛриВ риХрйБриЭ риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриП рикри╛риХри┐ри╕ридри╛рии ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪ риЪри▓рйЗ риЧриП ри╕рииред риЬри┐риирйНри╣ри╛риВ ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪрйЛриВ ринри╛риИ риЪрй░риж риЬрйА риЬрйЛ риХри┐ ринри╛риИ риори░рижри╛риири╛ риЬрйА рижрйА ри╡рй░ри╕ри╝ ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪрйЛриВ ри╕рии риЙриирйНри╣ри╛риВ рижрйЗ ри╕рикрйБрй▒ридри░ риЕри╕ри╝риХ риЕри▓рйА риЕридрйЗ риирижрйАрио ридри╛ри╣рйАри░ ри╣рии риЬрйЛ риХри┐ риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриП ри╡риЬрйЛриВ ри╕рйЗри╡ри╛ риири┐ринри╛редриЗри╕ ри╡рйАрибрйАриУ ри╡ри┐риЪ ридрйБри╕рйАриВ ри╡рйЗриЦ ри░ри╣рйЗ ри╣рйЛ риХрйЗ риЙри╣ риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриП риЧрйБри░рижрйБриЖри░ри╛ рибрйЗри░ри╛ ри╕ри╛ри╣ри┐рим,ри▓ри╛ри╣рйМри░, рикри╛риХри┐ри╕ридри╛рии ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪ риХрйАри░ридрии риХри░ ри░ри╣рйЗ ри╣рииред риЬрйЛ риЕрй▒риЬ ри╡рйА риори╣ри╛рии риХрйАри░ридрии рикри░рй░рикри░ри╛ риирйВрй░ ри╕рй░ринри╛ри▓рйА римрйИриарйЗ ри╣рииред

ри╕ри╛рибрйА риХрйМрио рижрйА ридрйНри░ри╛ри╕рижрйА ри╣рйИ риХри┐ риЙри╣ риори╣ри╛рии риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриП ри░рйЛрйЫрйА ри░рйЛриЯрйА ри▓риИ риЕрй▒риЬ ри▓рйЗримри░ риХри░ ри░ри╣рйЗ ри╣рии риЬри┐рй▒риерйЗ ри╡ри░ридри┐риЖ риЬри╛риг ри╡ри╛ри▓ри╛ ри╕рйАриорйИриВриЯ риЙриирйНри╣ри╛риВ рижрйЗ риЧри▓рйЗ риЕридрйЗ риЖри╡ри╛рйЫ ри▓риИ риЦридри░риири╛риХ ри╕ри╛римри┐рид ри╣рйЛ ри╕риХрижри╛ ри╣рйИредри╕рйЛ ри╕ри┐рй▒риЦ риЬриЧрид риЕридрйЗ ризри╛ри░риори┐риХ риЬриерйЗримрй░рижрйАриЖриВ риирйВрй░ риЕрикрйАри▓ риХрйАридрйА риЬри╛риВрижрйА ри╣рйИ риХри┐ риЧрйБри░рйВ риири╛риириХ рижрйЗри╡ риЬрйА рижрйА риори╣ри╛рии ри╡ри┐ри░ри╛ри╕рид риЕридрйЗ ринри╛риИ риори░рижри╛риири╛ риЬрйА рижрйА ри╡рй░ри╕ри╝ ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪрйЛриВ рикрйИрижри╛ ри╣рйЛриП риорйБри╕ри▓риори╛рии риХрйАри░ридриирйАриЖриВ риирйВрй░ ри╕рй░ринри╛ри▓риг рижрйА ри▓рйЛрйЬ ри╣рйИ ред ри╕ри┐рй▒риЦ ри╕рй░риЧрид ри╡рй▒риз ридрйЛриВ ри╡рй▒риз ризри╛ри░риори┐риХ ри╕риори╛риЧриори╛риВ ри╡ри┐рй▒риЪ риЙриирйНри╣ри╛риВ риирйВрй░ риХрйАри░ридрии рижрйА ри╕рйЗри╡ри╛ ри▓риИ ри╕рй▒рижригри▓риИ риЦрйЗриЪри▓ риХри░рии ри╡рй▒риз ризри╛ри░риори┐риХ ри╕риори╛риЧриори╛риВ риХрйАри░ридрии рижрйА ри╕рйЗри╡ри╛ риХри░рии ри▓риИ римрйБри▓ри╛риЙриг рижрйА риЦрйЗриЪри▓ риХри░рии редриЬри┐риирйНри╣ри╛риВ рижри╛ ри╕рй░рикри░риХ риирй░римри░ ри╣рйИ :+923004946497, +923224941262

рдзрди рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд░ рд╡рд╛рд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛

рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рдПрдХ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдЧрдП , рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХрд╛ рд╣рд░ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рдХрд╣рдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛ рдХреЗ тАЬрдЧреБрд░реБ рдорд╣рд╛рд░рд╛рдЬ рдЖрдЬ рдЖрдк рдореЗрд░реЗ рд╣реА рдШрд░ рднреЛрдЬрди рдХрд░реЛрдЧреЗтАЭред рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рдиреЗ рд╕рднреА рд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдореНрд░рддрд╛ рднрд░реА рдЖрд╡рд╛реЫ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рднреА рдирд╛рд░рд╛реЫ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░рд╛рдВрдЧрд╛ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдкреВрд░рд╛ […]

рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рдПрдХ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдЧрдП , рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХрд╛ рд╣рд░ рд╡реНрдпрдХреНрддрд┐ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рдХрд╣рдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛ рдХреЗ тАЬрдЧреБрд░реБ рдорд╣рд╛рд░рд╛рдЬ рдЖрдЬ рдЖрдк рдореЗрд░реЗ рд╣реА рдШрд░ рднреЛрдЬрди рдХрд░реЛрдЧреЗтАЭред рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рдиреЗ рд╕рднреА рд╕реЗ рдирд┐рдореНрд░рддрд╛ рднрд░реА рдЖрд╡рд╛реЫ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рднреА рдирд╛рд░рд╛реЫ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░рд╛рдВрдЧрд╛ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рдЗрд╕ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдореЗрдВ рдкреВрд░рд╛ рдПрдХ рдорд╣реАрдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдирд┐рд╡рд╛рд╕ рд░рд╣реЗрдЧрд╛ред рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдиреЗ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ рд╣рд░ рдПрдХ рдШрд░ рдХреА рдПрдХ рд▓рд┐рд╕реНрдЯ рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рдХрд░ рд▓реАред

рд╕реА рддрд░рд╣ рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдХреА рдмрдирд╛рдИ рд▓рд┐рд╕реНрдЯ рдХреЗ рдореБрддрд╛рдмрд┐рдХ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рд░реЛреЫрд╛рдирд╛ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ рдШрд░ рдореЗрдВ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЫрдХрдиреЗ рдЬрд╛рддреЗ 15 -20 рджрд┐рди рдмреАрдд рдЪреБрдХреЗ рдереЗред рдлрд┐рд░ рдПрдХ рджрд┐рди рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХреЗ рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдиреЗ рдПрдХ рд▓реЬрдХреЗ рдХреЛ рдЖрд╡рд╛реЫ рд▓рдЧрд╛рддреЗ рд╣реБрдП рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдмреБрд▓рд╛рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдХрд╣рд╛

рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рд▓реЬрдХреЗ (рд╕рдорди ) рд╕реЗ : рд╕реБрдиреЛ рдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рд╕рдорди

рд╕рдорди : рдЬреА рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬреА

рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ : рдЧреБрд░реБ рд╕рд╛рд╣рд┐рдм рдХреЛ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЫрдХрд╛рдиреЗ рдХреА рдЖрдкрдХреА рдмрд╛рд░реА рд╣реИ рдЗрд╕реАрд▓рд┐рдП рдЖрдк рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рдмрддрд╛ рджреЛ рдФрд░ рдЦрд╛рдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рдЬреЛ рд╕рд╛рдорд╛рди рдЪрд╛рд╣рд┐рдП рд╡реЛ рдЖрдЬ рд╣реА рдЦрд░реАрдж рд▓реЛ

рд╕рдорди : рдЬреА рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬреА рдореЗрдВ рдЕрднреА рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рдмрддрд╛ рджреЗрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ

рдпрд╣ рдХрд╣рдХрд░ рд╕рдорди рдЙрд╕реА рд╕рдордп рдШрд░ рдХреА рддрд░реЮ рдЪрд▓ рдкреЬрд╛ рд╕рдорди рдХреЗ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдХрд╛ рдирд╛рдо рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдерд╛

рд╕рдорди рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рд╕реЗ : рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рд╣рд╛рдВ рдкреБрддреНрд░

рд╕рдорди : рдореБрдЭреЗ рд░рд╛рд╕реНрддреЗ рдореЗрдВ рдЖрдЬ рдореБрдЦрд┐рдпрд╛ рдЬреА рдорд┐рд▓реЗ рдереЗ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдореБрдЭрд╕реЗ рдХрд╣рд╛ рдХреЗ рдХрд▓ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдпрд╣рд╛рдВ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЦрд╛рдиреЗ рдЖрдПрдВрдЧреЗ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдпрд╣ рддреЛ рдмрд╣реБрдд рд╣реА реЩреБрд╢реА рдХреА рдмрд╛рдд рд╣реИ

рд╕рдорди : рд╡реЛ рддреЛ рдареАрдХ рд╣реИ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА , рдХрд▓ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рде 30 -40 рд╕рд╛рдз -рд╕рдВрдЧрдд рднреА рд╣реЛрдЧреА рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдЗрддрдирд╛ рдкреИрд╕рд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХреЗ рд╣рдо рдЗрддрдиреЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХрд╛ рдкреНрд░рдмрдВрдз рдХрд░ рд╕рдХреЗрдВ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ (рд╕рдорди рдХрд╛ рдкрд┐рддрд╛) : рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдпрд╣ рдмрд╛рдд рддреЛ рддреЗрд░реА рдареАрдХ рд╣реИ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдШрд░ рдХреА рд╣рд╛рд▓рдд рдЗрддрдиреА рдЕрдЪреНрдЫреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдХреЗ рд╣рдо рдЗрддрдиреЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рд▓реЛрдЧреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХреА рдЕрд╡рд╕реНрдерд╛ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХреЗрдВред

рд╕рдорди : рдкрд░ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рднрдЧрд╡рд╛рди рдХрд╛ рд░реВрдк рд╣реИрдВ рдпрджрд┐ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рд╣рдорд╛рд░реЗ рдШрд░ рд╕реЗ рдмрдЧреИрд░ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЦрд╛рдП рдЪрд▓реЗ рдЧрдП рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рддреЛ рдкрд╛рдк рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ред

рдореЗрдВ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЫрдХрд╛рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдХреБрдЫ рднреА рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рдпрджрд┐ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд╛рд╣реВрдХрд╛рд░ рд╣рдореЗрдВ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рдЙрдзрд╛рд░ рджреЗ рддреЛ рдмрд╛рдд рдмрди рд╕рдХрддреА рд╣реИ

рд╕рдорди :рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рд╡реЛ рдмрдирд┐рдпрд╛ рдмрд┐рд▓реНрдХреБрд▓ рднреА рдЙрдзрд╛рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░рддрд╛ рдлрд┐рд░ рднреА рдЗрддрдирд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░рд╛ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рддреЛ рдмреЛ рдмрд┐рд▓реНрдХреБрд▓ рд╣реА рдирд╣реАрдВ рджреЗрдЧрд╛ , рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдПрдХ рдХрд╛рдо рд╣реЛ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реИ рдпрджрд┐ рдЖрдЬ рд░рд╛рдд рд╣рдо рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдЙрд╕ рд╕рд╛рд╣реВрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рд╕рдорд╛рди рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд░ рд▓реЗ рддреЛ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдкрд░ рдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рдпрд╣ рддреЛ рдЪреЛрд░реА рд╣реЛрдЧреА рдФрд░ рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд╛ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдмрдирд╛рдХрд░ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЛ рдЦрд┐рд▓рд╛рдирд╛ рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдкрд╛рдк рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ ?

рд╕рдорди : рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА , рд╣рдо рдХреЗрд╡рд▓ рдЙрддрдирд╛ рд╕рдорд╛рди рд╣реА рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдЬрд┐рддрдирд╛ рдХреА рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд░реВрд░рдд рд╣реИред

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдареАрдХ рд╣реИ рдкреБрддреНрд░ , рдкрд░ рд╣рдо рдЙрддрдирд╛ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рд╣реА рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд░реЗрдВрдЧреЗ рдЬрд┐рддрдиреЗ рдХреА рд╣рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд░реВрд░рдд рд╣реИред

рд╕рдорди : рдареАрдХ рд╣реИ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА ,

рдЗрд╕реА рддрд░рд╣ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рдмрд╛рдк рдФрд░ рдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рд░рд╛рдд рдХреЗ рд╕рдордп рд╕рд╛рд╣реВрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд░рдиреЗ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЪрд▓реЗ рдЧрдПред рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рдпреЛрдЬрдирд╛ рдХреЗ рдореБрддрд╛рдмрд┐рдХ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдХреА рджреАрд╡рд╛рд░ рдХреЛ рддреЛреЬрд╛ рдФрд░ рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдЕрдВрджрд░ рдЪрд▓реЗ рдЧрдП рдЬрд░реВрд░рдд рдХреЗ рдЕрдиреБрд╕рд╛рд░ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЛрдВрдиреЗ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд░ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рд╣реА рд╡реЛ рджреЛрдиреЛрдВ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рд╡рд╛рдкрд┐рд╕ рдЬрд╛рдиреЗ рд▓рдЧреЗ рд╕рдмрд╕реЗ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рд╛ рдФрд░ рдЬреИрд╕реЗ рд╣реА рд╕рдорди рд░рд╛рд╢рди рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рджреВрдХрд╛рди рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рдиреЗ рд▓рдЧрд╛ рддрднреА рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рджреАрд╡рд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ реЮрд╕ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рд╕рдорди рд╕реЗ рдХрд╛реЮреА рдХреЛрд╢рд┐рд╢реЛрдВ рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рднреА рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рд╛ рдЬрд╛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рдерд╛ред

рдереЛреЬреА рд╣реА рджреЗрд░ рдЧрд╛рдБрд╡ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рдЧ рдЧрдП рд╕рднреА рдХреЛ рдкрддрд╛ рдЪрд▓ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдерд╛ рдХреЗ рд╕рд╛рд╣реВрдХрд╛рд░ рдХреА рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдореЗрдВ рдЪреЛрд░ рдШреБрд╕ рдЖрдП рд╣реИрдВред рд╕рднреА рд▓реЛрдЧ рд▓рд╛рдард┐рдпрд╛рдВ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдХреА рддрд░реЮ рдмреЭрдиреЗ рд▓рдЧреЗ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рд╕рдорди рдХреЛ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд┐рдХрд╛рд▓рдиреЗ рдХреА рдмрд╣реБрдд рдХреЛрд╢рд┐рд╢ рдХреА рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рд╕рдорди рджреАрд╡рд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдмреБрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ реЮрд╕ рдЧрдпрд╛ рдерд╛

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдЕрдм рдХреНрдпрд╛ рд╣реЛрдЧрд╛ ? рд╕рднреА рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рддрд░реЮ рдЖ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ рдФрд░ рдЙрдиреНрд╣реЗрдВ рдкрддрд╛ рдЪрд▓ рдЬрд╛рдПрдЧрд╛ рдХреЗ рд╣рдордиреЗ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдмрд╣реБрдд рдмрджрдирд╛рдореА рд╣реЛрдЧреАред

рд╕рдорди : рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЛрдВ рдХреЛ рдХреБрдЫ рдкрддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЪрд▓реЗрдЧрд╛ рдХреЗ рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдХреА рд╣реИ рдФрд░ рд╣рдорд╛рд░реА рдмрджрдирд╛рдореА рднреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реЛрдЧреАред

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдЬреА , рддреБрдо рджреАрд╡рд╛рд░ рдореЗрдВ рдмреБрд░реА рддрд░рд╣ реЮрд╕ рдЧрдП рд╣реЛ рддреБрдо рдЗрд╕рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдХреИрд╕реЗ рдЖрдпреЛрдЧреЗ ?

рд╕рдорди : рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА рдЬрд▓реНрджреА рдШрд░ рдЬрд╛рдУ рдФрд░ рдШрд░ рд╕реЗ рддрд▓рд╡рд╛рд░ рд▓реЗрдХрд░ рдЖрдпреЛ рдФрд░ рддрд▓рд╡рд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХрд╛рдЯ рдХрд░ рдШрд░ рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рдирд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХреЗ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рдХреБрдЫ рдкрддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЪрд▓реЗрдЧрд╛ рдХреЗ рдЪреЛрд░ рдХреМрди рдерд╛ ?

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдирд╣реАрдВ -рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдореЗрдВ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╣реА рдЬрд╡рд╛рди рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХреА рд╣рддреНрдпрд╛ рдХреИрд╕реЗ рдХрд░ рд╕рдХрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдБ ?

рд╕рдорди : рдкрд┐рддрд╛ рдЬреА , рдпрд╣ рдмрд╛рдд рд╕реЛрдЪрдиреЗ рдХреА рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ рдмрд▓реНрдХрд┐ рдореБрд╕реАрдмрдд рд╕реЗ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд┐рдХрд▓рдиреЗ рдХреА рд╣реИ рдЬрд▓реНрджреА рдХрд░реЛ рддрд▓рд╡рд╛рд░ рд╕реЗ рдореЗрд░рд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХрд╛рдЯ рдХрд░ рдШрд░ рд▓реЗ рдЬрд╛рдУред

рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХреЗ рдирд╛ рдорд╛рдирдиреЗ рд╕реЗ рдЖрдЦрд┐рд░ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдШрд░ рдЬрд╛рдХрд░ рддрд▓рд╡рд╛рд░ рд▓реЗ рдЖрдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдкрд╛рдиреЗ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХрд╛рдЯ рдХрд░ рдШрд░ рд▓реЗ рдЧрдпрд╛ред

рдЬрдм рд╕рд╛рд░реЗ рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рджреВрдХрд╛рди рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдкрд╣реБрдВрдЪреЗ рддреЛ рд╡реЛ рдмрд┐рдирд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рд╡рд╛рд▓рд╛ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рджреЗрдЦрдХрд░ рдбрд░ рдЧрдП рдФрд░ рд╕рднреА рдЕрдкрдиреЗ -рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдШрд░ рднрд╛рдЧ рдЧрдП рдпрд╣ рджреЗрдЦрддреЗ рд╣реА рдХреЗ рд╕рднреА рдЧрд╛рдВрд╡ рд╡рд╛рд▓реЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ -рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдШрд░ рднрд╛рдЧ рдЧрдП рд╣реИрдВ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдиреЗ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХрд╛ рд╢рд░реАрд░ рдЙрдард╛рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕реЗ рдШрд░ рд▓реЗ рдЧрдпрд╛ред

рдФрд░ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рд╕рд╛рд░реА рд░рд╛рдд рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдмреЗрдЯреЗ рдХреА рд▓рд╛рд╢ рдХреЗ рдкрд╛рд╕ рдмреИрдард╛ рд░реЛрддрд╛ рд░рд╣рд╛ред

рдЕрдЧрд▓реА рд╕реБрдмрд╣ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдФрд░ рдЙрд╕рдХреЗ рдмреЗрдЯреЗ рдиреЗ рдЬреЛ рд░рд╛рд╢рди рдЪреЛрд░реА рдХрд┐рдпрд╛ рдерд╛ рдЙрд╕рдиреЗ рдЙрд╕рдХрд╛ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рддреИрдпрд╛рд░ рдХрд░ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдХрд┐рд╕реА рдХреЛ рднреА рдкрддрд╛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЪрд▓рдиреЗ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред

рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрдЧрддреЗ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рдШрд░ рдЖрдП рдФрд░ рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдФрд░ рд╕рдВрдЧрддреЛрдВ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЫрдХрд╛рдирд╛ рд╢реБрд░реВ рдХрд░ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ред

рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЕрд░реНрдЬреБрди рджреЗрд╡ рдЬреА (Guru Arjan Dev): рдореБрд╕реЗрдпрд╛ рдЖрдЬ рддреБрдореНрд╣рд╛рд░рд╛ рд▓реЬрдХрд╛ рдирдЬрд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЖ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╡реЛ рдХрд╣рд╛рдБ рдкрд░ рд╣реИ ?

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА , рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдЕрдВрджрд░ рд╕реЛ рд░рд╣рд╛ рд╣реИред

рдЧреБрд░реВ рдЬреА : рдХреНрдпрд╛ рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдкрддрд╛ рдерд╛ рдХреЗ рдЖрдЬ рд╣рдо рдЙрдирдХреЗ рдШрд░ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдЫрдХрдиреЗ рдЖ рд░рд╣реЗ рд╣реИрдВ ?

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рджрд░рдЕрд╕рд▓ , рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдЖрдЬ рдЙрд╕рдХреА рддрдмрд┐рдпрдд рдареАрдХ рдирд╣реАрдВ рд╣реИ , рдЖрдкрдХреЗ рдЖрдиреЗ рдХрд╛ рддреЛ рдЙрд╕рдХреЛ рдкрд╣рд▓реЗ рд╕реЗ рд╣реА рдкрддрд╛ рдерд╛ред

тАЬрдкрд░рдиреНрддреБ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рддреЛ рд╕рдмрдХреЗ рдЬрд╛рдиреА рдЬрд╛рди рдереЗ тАЭ

рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА : рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдПрдХ рдмрд╛рд░ рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХреЛ рдЖрд╡рд╛реЫ рддреЛ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдУ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ : рдкрд░ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рд╕рдорди рдмрд╣реБрдд рдЬреНрдпрд╛рджрд╛ рдмреАрдорд╛рд░ рд╣реИ рдЗрд╕реАрд▓рд┐рдП рд╡реЛ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдЖрдПрдЧрд╛ред

рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА : рдЕрдЪреНрдЫрд╛ рдареАрдХ рд╣реИ рдпрджрд┐ рддреБрдо рдЙрд╕реЗ рдирд╣реАрдВ рдмреБрд▓рд╛рддреЗ рд╣реЛ рддреЛ рдореЗрдВ рд╣реА рдЙрд╕реЗ рдмреБрд▓рд╛ рд▓реЗрддрд╛ рд╣реВрдВ

рдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рд╕рдорди рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдЖрдУред

рдЬрдм рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдиреЗ рд╕рдорди рдХреЛ рдлрд┐рд░ рд╕реЗ рдЖрд╡рд╛реЫ рд▓рдЧрд╛рдИ тАЬрдмреЗрдЯрд╛ рд╕рдорди рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдЖ рдЬрд╛рдУ тАЭ

рддреЛ рдЗрд╕рдХреЗ рдмрд╛рдж рд╣реБрдЖ рдРрд╕рд╛ рдХреЗ рдорд░рд╛ рд╣реБрдЖ рд╕рдорди рдЙрдардХрд░ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдЖ рдЧрдпрд╛

рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рд╕рдорди рдкреБрддреНрд░ рдХреЛ рдЬрд┐рдиреНрджрд╛ рдмрд╛рд╣рд░ рдЖрддрд╛ рджреЗрдЦрддреЗ рд╣реА рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдХреА рдЖрдВрдЦреЗрдВ рдлрдЯреА рдХреА рдлрдЯреА рд░рд╣ рдЧрдИ

рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рдЪрд░рдгреЛрдВ рдореЗрдВ рдЬрд╛ рдЧрд┐рд░рд╛

рдЬрдм рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдиреЗ рд╕рд╛рд░реА рд╕рдВрдЧрдд рдХреЛ рдХрд▓ рд░рд╛рдд рд╡рд╛рд▓реА рдмрд╛рдд рдмрддрд╛рдИ рддреЛ рдпрд╣ рд╕реБрдирдХрд░ рд╕рдм рд╣реИрд░рд╛рди рд░рд╣ рдЧрдП рдФрд░ рд╕рднреА рдХрд╣рдиреЗ рд▓рдЧреЗ рдХреЗ рдзрди рд╣реЗ ! рдореВрд╕рд╛ рдЬрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рдкрд░рд╕рд╛рджреЗ (рд▓рдВрдЧрд░) рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдиреЗ рдмреЗрдЯреЗ рдХрд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХрд╛рдЯ рджрд┐рдпрд╛ рдФрд░ рдзрди рд╣реИ ! рд╕рдорди рдЬрд┐рд╕рдиреЗ рдЧреБрд░реБ рдЬреА рдХреЗ рд▓рдВрдЧрд░ рдХреЗ рд▓рд┐рдП рдЕрдкрдирд╛ рд╕рд┐рд░ рдХрдЯрд╡рд╛ рд▓рд┐рдпрд╛ тАж